10 Examples of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells - encyclopedia

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Characteristics of eukaryotic cells
Characteristics of prokaryotic cells
Examples of eukaryotic cells
Examples of prokaryotic cells

The cell it is the basic and indispensable unit present in every living being. It is the smallest element alive. The three vital functions of any organism (nutrition, reproduction, relationship) are carried out by all the cells that compose it.

Depending on their structure, cells can be:

Eukaryotic cells. They have a defined cell nucleus covered by a membrane. Within this membrane are the chromosomes that store the body's genetic information. All organisms in the animal kingdom, plant kingdom, fungi and protist kingdom are made up of eukaryotic cells. For example: the protist plasmodium, the animal cells present in a lobster, the plant cells present in a jacaranda tree.
Prokaryotic cells. They do not have a defined nucleus and lack a cell membrane. Its genetic material is scattered in the cytoplasm. Bacteria and archaea are the two types of organisms with prokaryotic cells. For example: methanogenic archaea or pseudomonas bacteria.

It can help you: Human cells and their functions

Characteristics of eukaryotic cells

They integrate kingdoms of multicellular beings (made up of several cells) and unicellular (made up of a single cell). Cells of each type vary in structure and characteristics. They are much larger in size than prokaryotic cells.
They are aerobic, they need oxygen to live.
They reproduce through mitosis (two genetically identical daughter cells originate from a stem cell) and meiosis (four different cells arise from a diploid cell).
They have organelles, structures within the cytoplasm, which fulfill various functions. For example: in a plant cell, the chloroplast organelle performs the function of photosynthesis. Not all cells have all organelles.
They have ribosomes (organelles that synthesize proteins) more complex than those of prokaryotic cells.
The plant cell has a cell wall made of cellulose. The animal cell does not have a cell wall.

Characteristics of prokaryotic cells

They are only found in single-celled organisms. They have a smaller structure and are less complex than eukaryotic cells.
Genetic material is found in the cytoplasm, in an irregular area called the nucleoid.
They can be aerobic or anaerobic (they do not need oxygen to live).
They reproduce asexually or parasexually.
Nutrition can be autotrophic (photosynthesis or chemosynthesis) or heterotrophic (it feeds on another organism that it parasitizes)
They have cytoplasm, plasma membrane, cell wall, nucleoid, and ribosomes.