Basic Oxides

Content

• Nomenclature of basic oxides
• Examples of basic oxides

The basic oxides, also known as metal oxides, are those that combine oxygen with a metal element. Since oxygen is highly electronegative and metals are electropositive, the bond that is established is ionic.

The elemental formula that represents all the basic oxides is XO, where X is the metallic element and O the oxygen. Each of these can be followed by subscripts (generally 2 or 3), which appear by exchanging the valences (that is, that of metal with that of oxygen).

Nomenclature of basic oxides

Traditional nomenclature: Basic oxides are named by first mentioning the term “oxide of” and then the name of the metallic element, or “oxide” followed by an adjective that is the name of the metallic element with different terminations, as detailed below:

1. In themetals that have only one type of valence (as sodium or calcium), the part of the metal is constructed as a word esdrújula with the ending "ico".
2. In metals that present two types of valence (like copper or mercury), if the oxide involves the lowest valence, the name of the metal is added with the suffix "bear" and it is a serious word. If it involves the greatest valence, the name of the metal is added with the suffix "ico" and it is a word esdrújula.
3. When there is three possible valences (like chromium), if the oxide involves the lowest valence, the name of the metal is added with the prefix "hiccup" and the suffix "bear", and is a serious word. When it involves the intermediate valence, the metal is named with the ending "bear" and it is still a grave word, but if it involves the highest valence, the ending is "ico" and it is a sdrújula word.
4. The metal it has four possible valences (like manganese), the scheme is the same as the previous one for the first three, but when the metal is integrated into the oxide with the fourth and highest valence, the name of the metal is added with the prefix "per" and the suffix " ico ”, and it is a word esdrújula.

Nomenclature ofStock: Under this nomenclature, oxides are written and named as "oxide of" + metallic element + Roman numeral in parentheses, which indicates the valence with which the metallic element is interacting with oxygen.

Systematic nomenclature: Currently it is preferred by the IUPAC(International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry), the concept of naming them as “oxides of” is maintained, but doing so precisely by adding the standard Greek prefix that corresponds to the number of oxygen atoms (to the word “oxide”) and the number of metal atoms ( to the name of the metal) that each molecule contains, using the preposition "of" as a bridge.

Basic oxides have innumerable uses in the pharmaceutical, paint, building materials, plastics, and other industries.

Examples of basic oxides

Other types of oxides:

• Metal oxides
• Non-Metallic Oxides
• Acid Oxides